Breaking Bad in Chronological Order

What would it look like if someone took all of the scenes from Breaking Bad, Better Call Saul, and El Camino and rearranged them so that they played in chronological order?

Even before Better Call Saul, Breaking Bad frequently jumped around time. We saw plenty of flashbacks, flash-forwards, and even some scenes that were inserted into the timelines of previous episodes.

Breaking Bad was meant to be consumed non-linearly. While Walt's phone call to Skyler in the cold open of Ozymandias chronologically takes place during the pilot, thematically it's meant to take place near the end of the show. Walt and Gretchen's conversation about the components of a human body, despite chronologically taking place many years previously, has a thematic relevance to the shots of Walt and Jesse cleaning up Emilio's body.

Walt and Jesse clean up Emilio's body Walt and Gretchen talk about the components of a human body
Scenes of Walt and Jesse cleaning up Emilio's body are juxtaposed by Walt and Gretchen talking about the components of a human body.

In fact, basically all of Better Call Saul, while chronologically before Breaking Bad, thematically takes place afterwards.

...which reminds me, if you've never watched Breaking Bad and want to know where to start: Start with Breaking Bad. Better Call Saul frequently draws parallels to Breaking Bad that the creators are expecting you to understand. Besides, some events of the show, including the very first scene of the first episode, chronologically take place after Breaking Bad anyway. Some people have argued that one can (or even should) watch Better Call Saul first, but I am not one of those people.

I initially had the idea to create a full Breaking Bad timeline. Characters often tell stories of their pasts — Walter tells Walter Jr. a story about his father dying of Huntington's disease in Salud, he tells Jesse about how he sold his shares in Grey Matter Technologies in Buyout, and we couldn't possibly forget Mike's iconic Half Measures monologue. However, I pretty quickly realized just how massive an undertaking that would be. I couldn't get through the pilot without asking myself complicated questions such as "when was Hank's interview that we see on TV filmed?" I also started to wonder about character birthdays, relationships, and important life events — Information that I wouldn't have the first clue about how to find on my own.

And as it turns out, somebody already did the work for me. The fan-run Breaking Bad wiki has an extensive timeline of events that is as meticulous as one could hope for, and it was an invaluable resource in the creation of this article. Their timeline offers precise dates for many of the Pre-Breaking Bad moments, such as Walt's aforementioned conversation with Gretchen. I don't really know where they get some of this information (likely some combination of insider podcasts, commentary tracks, and creator interviews) but pretty much all of what I've read seems to make sense, so we're just going to be cringe and #TrustTheScience on this one.

So this article will not be going into the same level of depth. Instead, we will be focusing solely on events that are depicted on the screen. Think of this as a theoretical re-cut of Breaking Bad where scenes are moved around and spliced together into one very long continuous stream of video.

This article will assume that you already know the events of Breaking Bad, so we will be spending very little time summarizing events. Also, it should go without saying, but we will be spoiling Breaking Bad like crazy, so if you've never seen the show, here is your warning to go watch it.

If you have never seen Better Call Saul or El Camino, you can use the buttons below to hide spoilers. (N.B. Spoilers are visible by default.)

Lastly, before we begin, I'd like to address some things regarding the level of detail we'll be going into:

Breaking Bad frequently balances multiple plots per episode, and it often cuts between them for the sake of the story's flow. We're not always consuming these plots in very precise, chronological order. The best quick example I can think of is from the episode Gray Matter.

Walt comes home to find his family sitting around his living room
We open the third act on a scene of Walt driving home to see his family gathered in his living room, ready to initiate the famous "talking pillow" conversation. Walt sits down and the scene cuts.
Jesse and Badger argue about the quality of Jesse's meth
We cut to Jesse and Badger in the desert, arguing about the quality of Jesse's meth. Jesse then drives off, leaving Badger stranded. This scene lasts about 2 minutes.
Skyler holds the talking pillow
We then cut back to Skyler, presumably picking up right from where the first scene left off.

We're not meant to assume that Walt and his family waited 2 minutes before having their conversation. We naturally assume that these two scenes are happening around the same general window of time. There are many instances of these parallel storylines, and it would be exhausting to point out every little instance where this occurs. I would need to go back and pay attention to every scene transition, and I'm not going to do that unless the episode makes a specific point of when these scenes take place in relation to one another, such as in the episode Rabid Dog.

Breaking Bad also sometimes likes to start episodes on a flash-forward to the end of the episode, as a sort of "so you're probably wondering how I ended up here" cliché. It's usually pretty obvious exactly when these scenes take place, so unless the scene is particularly noteworthy or ambiguous, I'm not going to point it out. Instead, I'll give you a list of all of these "non-essential" flash-forwards now:

In Breaking Bad, this occurs in Crazy Handful of Nothin', Grilled, and Bug.

In Better Call Saul, this occurs in Talk.

Oh, by the way, I'm not going to be covering the mini-sodes or El Camino teasers. Sorry!

Pre-Better Call Saul

Chuck reads Saul a story
Chuck reads The Adventures of Mabel to Saul.
A man tells Saul about 'wolves and sheep'
Saul begins stealing money from the cash register in his father's store.
Mike's son writes his name in wet cement
Mike lays down cement in his driveway.
Kim refuses a ride from her mother
A young Kim Wexler refuses a ride home from her mother.
Kim's mother pretends to scold her for shoplifting
Kim's mother pretends to scold her for shoplifting.
Walt discusses the components of a human body with Gretchen Gretchen asks Walt about the soul
Walt talks about the components of a human body with Gretchen.
Hector looks down over the cousins
Hector teaches the cousins a cruel lesson about family.
Gus is forced to look at Max Arciniega's body Blood fills up a pool
A young Gustavo Fring meets high-ranking members of the cartel, who kill his best friend, Max Arciniega.
Saul and Marco pull a scam
Saul and Marco pull a scam involving a fake Rolex.
Chuck meets Saul in jail
Chuck bails out Saul after the Chicago sunroof incident.
Saul says goodbye to Marco
Saul says good-bye to Marco and heads to Albuquerque.
Saul and Rebecca tell lawyer jokes
Saul has dinner with Chuck and Rebecca.
Walt and Skyler take a tour of their future home
Walt and Skyler buy a house.
Saul enters the HHM library
Saul talks with Kim about a recent legal victory of Chuck's and then enters the HHM library.
Saul tells Chuck that he passed the bar
Saul tells Kim and Chuck that he passed the bar, but then gets let down by Howard.
Saul and Chuck do karaoke
Saul and Chuck sing The Winner Takes It All by ABBA.
Jesse builds a wooden box
Jesse builds a wooden box for his woodworking class.
Chuck sits beside his mother as she dies
Chuck sits beside his mother as she says her last words.
Don Eladio shows off a Los Pollos Hermanos shirt
Hector is humiliated by Gus at don Eladio's hacienda.
Chuck tries to hide his condition from Rebecca
Chuck tries to hide his condition from his ex-wife.
Mike kills his son's killers Mike covers his wounds from the night before
Mike kills the corrupt cops that murdered his son and then relocates to Albuquerque the following day.
Chuck picks up a copy of H.G. Wells's The Time Machine
Saul drops off groceries for Chuck and the two have a brief talk.

Better Call Saul

Most of Better Call Saul's flashbacks take place before the start of the show, but it still does insert scenes into other episodes (and into episodes of Breaking Bad a few times).

Uno

Better Call Saul properly begins with Saul Goodman, or James McGill as he is known at this point in the story, feebly trying to defend 3 boys that broke into a morgue and had sex with a head.

Saul meets with the Kettlemans, who side with HHM, and then Saul tries to pull a stunt with the skater twins, who end up accidentally following Tuco's grandma instead.

The skater twins confront Tuco and his grandmother
The skater twins call Tuco's grandmother a 'bizznatch'.

But interestingly enough, Tuco's scenes don't end there. After the title card for Mijo, we get to see his perspective of the events at the end of Uno. Tuco cleans up some blood off his carpet when he hears Saul knocking on his door.

Saul peeks inside Tuco's house
Saul's perspective from the end of Uno.
Tuco watches Saul through the window
Tuco's perspective from the start of Mijo.

And with that, we lead directly into the events of Mijo and the rest of season 1, all the way until Marco.

Marco

The episode begins properly with Saul meeting Howard, giving him instructions on how to take care of Chuck, and then having a breakdown during the seniors' bingo game. Saul then decides to go on a trip back to Cicero where he reunites with Marco.

Saul feels around for his old coin collection
Saul and Marco visit his family's old store.

Marco dies during one of their scams and Saul visits his funeral. He then returns to Albuquerque where he gets an offer to work at Davis & Main. Saul drives up to the courthouse, and from here we get another inserted scene.

Saul meets with lawyers from Davis & Main
Saul meets with lawyers from Davis & Main.

Saul then has his conversation with Mike outside the courthouse and drives away while humming Smoke on the Water to himself.

That concludes season 1 and leads us immediately into season 2... and 3.

Well actually, we do have a few things to talk about.

Gloves Off

This season 2 episode opens on a flash-forward to a scene that takes place after the end of the episode. Mike gets into a fight with Tuco and then meets with Nacho, who gives him $25,000.

Mike covers his wounds
Mike returns home and covers his wounds.

Season 2 concludes with two cliffhanger endings: Mike gets an ominous note left on his car saying “Don't” and Chuck secretly records Saul's confession of forgery. Season 3 follows up immediately on both: Saul leaves Chuck's house and goes back to his office, where he meets with Kim; Howard goes to Chuck's house and discusses Saul's confession; Mike spends the entire rest of the day taking his car apart, looking for the tracker that's hidden in his gas cap.

Sunk Costs

In this episode, Mike sabotages Hector's operations by secretly covering one of his trucks with drugs. He does so using a pair of sneakers dangled over some power lines.

A Los Pollos Hermanos truck drives off in front of a pair of sneakers
A Los Pollos Hermanos truck drives off as a pair of sneakers falls from some power lines.

We then don't get any more scenes until the end of season 3.

Lantern

As with season 2, season 3 also ends on two cliffhangers, this time focusing on Nacho and Chuck. Nacho's segment ends with Hector's stroke, while Chuck's ends with his suicide.

Kim recovers from her car accident, Chuck is forced to leave HHM, Hector meets Nacho's dad, Chuck tells Saul that he “doesn't want to hurt his feelings” and then proceeds to absolutely demolish said feelings, and Chuck has his mental breakdown.

Juan Bolsa talks with Nacho and Arturo Victor spies on Nacho
After Hector's stroke, Juan Bolsa asks to meet with Nacho.

With Erin's help, Saul gets Irene to go back on the Sandpiper settlement. Later that night, Chuck commits suicide and the episode ends.

That actually concludes our discussion on season 3 and season 4.

Magic Man

Saul legally changes his name from James McGill to Saul Goodman (which is what I've been calling him the whole time anyway). Saul then gives away the last of his burner phones and advertises his services. Saul gives out a 50% off discount, even after Kim advises him not to.

Two junkies buy drugs A garden gnome is left in the middle of the street
Two junkies raise Hell after hearing about Saul's 50% off offer.

The rest of 50% Off and The Guy for This have no noteworthy scenes to speak of.

Namaste

Howard offers Saul a job at HHM, and Saul thanks him by trying to ruin his life (although that doesn't happen until later). Later that day, Saul has his "this... is not meth my client" moment, the DEA chases down one of Gus's dealers, Gus tortures Lyle, and the next day Saul meets with Acker.

Saul visits a thrift store
Saul buys bowling balls from a thrift store.

Later that night, Saul throws the bowling balls he purchased at Howard's car. Mike gets stabbed by some thugs, wakes up on a ranch, and the episode ends.

Dedicado a Max, Wexler v. Goodman, and JMM don't give us anything to talk about.

Bagman

Bagman has one noteworthy scene, but it's probably not the one you're thinking of.

Lalo asks Saul to pick up his money, but Saul only agrees on the condition that he'll be paid $100,000. Lalo accepts.

The Salamanca twins pick up Lalo's money
The Salamanca twins pick up Lalo's money.

Then comes the rest of Bagman, which leads directly into Bad Choice Road.

Bad Choice Road

Shortly after the best cold open in Better Call Saul (and one of the best in all of Breaking Bad) we have a scene inserted from the finale.

Saul and Mike find a cistern
Saul and Mike sit by a cistern and talk about where they'd go if they had a time machine.

Then we see the rest of Bad Choice Road — Saul and Mike get picked up by Gus's men, Saul pays off Lalo's bond, and Lalo later has his intense meeting with Saul and Kim.

Something Unforgivable

We have one very brief scene inserted into the end of this episode.

Nacho runs away from Lalo's home
Nacho runs as Lalo's shootout begins.

Carrot and Stick

Saul visits the Kettlemans and Nacho hides out in a motel, until he is eventually discovered and gets into a shootout with the Salamanca twins.

Nacho hides from the Salamanca twins
Nacho hides from the Salamanca twins.

During the same night, Saul gets a call from the Kettlemans. We then cut to Mike having a conversation with Gus at one of his distribution centers. This scene overlaps with another scene from the next episode.

Nacho says goodbye to his dad Nacho talks to Mike and Gus
Nacho says good-bye to his dad and then calls Mike and Gus.

We then cut back to Saul and Kim visiting the Kettlemans once again, and the episode ends.

Rock and Hard Place

And we're still not done talking about this episode. At the end of this episode, Nacho dies. We then get a very interesting scene.

A flower grows where Nacho died
A flower grows in the place where Nacho died.

Then comes the rest of season 6 until we get to Fun and Games.

Fun and Games

Howard's car is found on a beach
Howard Hamlin's car is found on a beach.

The rest of the episode plays normally until we get to Saul and Kim's break-up scene (which has me on the verge of tears every time I watch it).

Saul receives divorce papers from Kim Kim shares a cigarette with Jesse
Kim visits Saul's office to sign divorce papers. Afterwards, she has a brief conversation with Jesse outside Saul's office.

And that brings us to the end of Fun and Games and, with that, the end of the Better Call Saul saga. Well, at least for now.

Breaking Bad

Pilot

Breaking Bad officially begins with Walter White rising out of his bed and exercising late at night. The events of the pilot play out normally — Walt gets his cancer diagnosis, he goes with Hank to see a DEA drug bust, and he "partners" up with Jesse.

Combo helps Jesse get the RV
Combo helps Jesse get the RV.

During Walt and Jesse's cooking montage in the pilot, we have a scene inserted from Ozymandias.

Walt calls Skyler during his first cook with Jesse
Walt calls Skyler during his first cook with Jesse.

We then cut back to the end of the montage; Jesse compliments Walt's cooking skills, Jesse meets with Krazy 8, Walt kills them, and he crashes the RV in a ditch.

Walt records a video for his family
Walt records a video for his family.

We then get the clever fake-out with the firetruck sirens, Jesse wakes up, and Walt says they need to clean up.

Walt gives a man chemical-covered money
Walt and Jesse pay to have the RV pulled out of the ditch.

Walt then gets home, dries his money off, has sex with Skyler, and the episode ends.

I find it funny how killing a man not only didn't kill his sex drive, but actually seemed to arouse it. It's even funnier when you realize that Walt knows that there's a half-dead witness to his crimes writhing around in the RV as he speaks.

And with that, we're pretty much done talking about season 1.

Season 2 properly opens immediately after the end of season 1. In fact, we rather infamously open up on the same scene from season 1, albeit with different music, different color grading, and some cuts.

Screenshot from the season 1 finale
From A No-Rough-Stuff-Type Deal.
Screenshot from the beginning of season 2
From Seven Thirty-Seven.

The next few episodes don't give us anything to talk about. Things get very interesting when we reach Breakage.

Breakage

Breakage itself plays out normally. Jesse meets Jane and then recruits his friends to start selling meth. Meanwhile, Hank begins to suffer from PTSD. The opening scene of the episode, however, is very unique.

Border-hoppers discover Tuco's grill along a river
Border-hoppers discover Tuco's grill on the bank of a river.

Peekaboo has no inserted scenes.

Negro y Azul

Sometime after the best opening scene in the entire series, Hank goes to El Paso and meets Tortuga.

Tuco's cousins behead Tortuga
Tuco's cousins behead Tortuga.

Hank then later discovers Tortuga's severed head on the tortoise and avoids the explosion because of his PTSD.

Then, as far as Breaking Bad is concerned, we don't get any more new scenes until 4 Days Out.

Better Call Saul

And how fitting that Better Call Saul should insert multiple scenes into Better Call Saul (from an episode called Breaking Bad no less).

The first new scene comes after Walt and Jesse throw a bag over Saul's head and take him out into the desert.

The RV's iconic bullet-laden door
Walt and Jesse drag Saul out into the desert.

This obviously leads directly into Saul's conversation with Walt and Jesse in the desert. The same episode also inserts another scene immediately after this one:

Saul talks to Walt and Jesse in the RV
Saul talks to Walt and Jesse in the RV.

The two meet Saul in his office the following day and they execute Saul's plan using Jimmy in-and-out. We then have another scene added:

Mike talks to Saul in his office
Mike advises Saul not to work with Walter White.
Saul walks up to the door of Walter White's school
Saul walks up to the school Walter White works in.

Saul has his conversation with Walt and the episode ends.

Also, fun fact about this episode: Saul actually does refer to himself as "McGill" in his initial conversation with Walt, a small detail many fans didn't notice.

4 Days Out

Within Breaking Bad itself, the whole episode just plays out normally. El Camino adds a scene near the end of the episode, after Walt and Jesse get the RV to run.

Walt and Jesse stop at a hotel
Walt and Jesse stop at a hotel.

Walter then returns home, gets the news that his cancer is in remission, and the episode ends.

Jesse and Jane talk in their car
Jesse and Jane visit an art gallery for Georgia O'Keefe.
Jesse and Jane talk on their way back from the art gallery
Jesse and Jane talk on their way back from the art gallery.

Over has no noteworthy scenes to speak of yet.

Mandala

Sometime after the death of Combo, Walt and Jesse try to meet with Saul's secret contact, Gus, who initially just ignores them. Walt manages to meet Gus a second time, who then chastises Walt for allowing his partner to show up high to a meeting.

Gale sets up equipment in Gus's lab
Gale sets up equipment in Gus's lab.

So, finally, Gus makes the deal with Walter White. Phoenix has no inserted scenes, which leads us to ABQ.

ABQ

ABQ is easily one of my favorite episodes in the whole show and is super underrated, but that's not really what we're here to discuss.

Mike makes his first appearance in Breaking Bad, Walter Jr. sets up a website (I wonder if he used landchad.net?), and Skyler learns the truth about Walt.

Opening scene from 737 Opening scene from Down Opening scene from Over Opening scene from ABQ
We see the aftermath of the Wayfarer 515 plane crash.

There's then a long stretch of time without any new scenes. It isn't until we get to I See You where we get another scene.

I See You

After Leonel's death, Gus calls Bolsa, who is killed during their phone call.

Gus taunts Hector in the nursing home
Gus taunts Hector in the nursing home.

And, believe it or not, that is it for seasons 3 and 4 of Breaking Bad.

Season 5 properly opens immediately after the end of season 4, and we don't get any noteworthy scenes until Dead Freight.

Dead Freight

Walt, Jesse, and Mike come up with a plan to rob a train for more methylamine.

Drew Sharp puts a spider in a jar
Drew Sharp puts a tarantula in a jar.

The heist is successful, but then Drew Sharp shows up and Todd kills him (one of the best twists of all time, by the way), and then the episode ends.

As far as Breaking Bad itself goes, the next few episodes don't give us much to talk about. El Camino, on the other hand, gives us another scene.

Buyout

Drew Sharp's death causes a schism in Walt and Jesse. Jesse is clearly disturbed by his death, while Walt seems to view it as more of an inconvenience than anything else. While Walt casually whistles to himself, Jesse gets a call from Mike on his way out.

Jesse and Mike discuss their plans for the future
Jesse and Mike discuss their plans for the future.

Say My Name and Gliding Over All play out normally.

Blood Money

This episode properly begins immediately after the end of Gliding Over All, and it plays out normally until we get to the scene of Jesse throwing his money out of his car.

An old man discovers a trail of money that leads him to Jesse
An old man discovers a trail of money that leads him to Jesse.

The following day, Walt has his famous encounter with Hank and the episode ends. Buried properly begins immediately after this encounter.

Confessions

The episode Confessions has one very short scene inserted near the end.

Jesse snorts meth off a CD
Jesse snorts a line of meth before breaking into Walt's house.

Rabid Dog

Hank intercepts Jesse at Walt's house Walt shows up right after Hank and Jesse leave
Hank intercepts Jesse at Walt's house, and then Walt arrives right as they leave.

From this point on, we now have two different storylines running parallel to one another.

Walt searches his house for Jesse
Walt searches his house for Jesse.
Walt leaves a message for Jesse Hank receives the message left for Jesse
Walt leaves a message for Jesse, which is intercepted by Hank.

The following day, Jesse wakes up in Hank's house and records his confession. We know this scene is the following day because Hank plays Walt's second message, telling Jesse to meet him in the plaza.

And believe it or not we're still not done talking about this episode.

Todd cooks a batch with 76 percent purity Todd receives Walter's call from the end of Rabid Dog
Todd cooks a batch with 76% purity, and then gets a call from Walt.

And then, as far as Breaking Bad is concerned, that is it until we reach the finale.

Ozymandias

Ozymandias itself doesn't have any scenes inserted into it, but Better Call Saul does add a scene that takes place between it and Granite State.

Saul calls the disappearer
Saul says good-bye to Francesca and calls the disappearer.
Movers empty Saul's mansion
Saul's mansion is repossessed.

Granite State

Granite State opens shortly after the opening scene in Quite a Ride. Saul is brought to Best Quality Vacuum and is told he'll have to bunk with Walter.

Walt thinks about his regrets
Walt and Saul talk about regrets.

The majority of El Camino's flashbacks take place during Granite State, specifically after Andrea's death but before Walt's final scene with the disappearer.

Jesse is sprayed down by Jack's gang
Jesse gets sprayed with a giant hose.
Neil Kandy installs new fishplates A brief glimpse of Jesse being forced to run back and forth
Neil Kandy reinforces the steel contraption designed to prevent Jesse from escaping.
Todd tells Jesse that he'll kill Brock if Jesse doesn't obey Todd and Jesse move Sonia's body Todd tells Jesse he's going to find a new hiding spot for his money Todd asks Jesse to give him the gun
Todd brings Jesse to his apartment to help move and bury the body of his cleaning lady, Sonia.

Felina

The first and ninth episodes of season 5 open on flash-forwards to scenes that chronologically take place during Felina. They take place back-to-back, after Walt threatens Gretchen and Elliott.

Walt meets with the black market arms dealer
Walt meets with the black market arms dealer.
Walt looks at graffiti on the wall of his old house
Walt returns to his old house to retrieve the ricin.
Walt reminisces about his 50th birthday
Walt thinks back to his 50th birthday.

Afterwards, Walt walks back to his car, bumps into Carol, and the scene ends.

Watching the Blood Money flash-forward and Felina back-to-back exposes a pretty glaring incongruity in the length of Walter's hair.

A screenshot from Blood Money
From Blood Money
A screenshot from Felina
From Felina

We cut to Walt's meeting with Todd and Lydia, and from there the rest of the finale plays normally.

Jesse hides in his car from the cops
Jesse hides from police officers.

And with that, we have officially reached the end of Breaking Bad.

Post-Breaking Bad

El Camino

Jesse hides in Skinny Pete's house
The rest of El Camino takes place.

Sometime after the events of El Camino comes the end of Better Call Saul. We have officially entered the black and white dimension.

Saul manages a Cinnabon in Nebraska Saul waits for a janitor to open the door Saul faints in the Cinnabon Saul lies in a hospital bed Saul calls the disappearer
Saul, disguised as Gene, manages a Cinnabon in Nebraska.

Nippy is a very underrated episode, but for the purposes of this article it doesn't give us anything to talk about.

Breaking Bad

Before this episode even begins, we actually see part of Waterworks first.

Kim sleeps by herself
A day in Kim's life.

From this point on, we basically have two stories running parallel.

Saul's call to Kim from Breaking Bad Saul's call to Kim from Waterworks
Saul calls Francesca and then Kim.

That concludes Breaking Bad and leads us into the rest of Waterworks and Saul Gone.

And now we have officially finally reached the end of the timeline.

I hope you enjoyed this article, since I enjoyed writing it. I might turn this article into a video, as I imagine I could make it more fun that way (mainly by adding a bunch of stupid memes but also giving more detailed visual examples of the things I'm talking about). If that day ever comes it will be a while from now, as I currently don't have a machine running Windows, and video editors on Linux are all completely unusable.

Also, a benefit of writing this as an article is that I've given the reader the option to toggle spoilers for the "extended canon" (since I actually hadn't seen all of Better Call Saul prior to writing this article). That wouldn't really be possible to do in video form, unless I decided to make multiple separate cuts of the video which there's no way in Hell I'm ever going to do (you'll be lucky if you get the one!)

If I've made any mistakes in this article, please feel free to contact me and let me know! You may also feel free to criticize and troubleshoot my janky JavaScript code.